Mastering the Art of Building Deck Stairs

Building proper stairs for your deck is necessary for constructing a safe and functional deck. Whether you're looking to enhance accessibility to your elevated deck or add a stylish transition between your deck and patio. Here are four guidelines to consider when tackling this important task:

1. Measurement and Planning:
Start by measuring the height of your deck to determine the number of stairs needed per the BC building code. A general rule is the rise of a step should not exceed 200 mm(7.87 inches). For example, if your deck surface is 812mm (32 inches) off the ground, you would need a minimum of 3 steps. You want to plan the layout of your stairs considering factors such as the desired angle and the available space. Consistency in step height and depth is required to optimize safety and comfort for users. Sketch your design on graph paper or use digital tools to visualize the layout before proceeding with construction. You can use this handy calculator to provide the necessary measurements when cutting stair stringers.

2. Structural Integrity and Support:
Building long-lasting stairs requires attention to structural integrity and support. Choose high-quality lumber or composite materials intended for outdoor use and resistant to moisture, rot, and insect damage. Use pressure-treated wood for the structural components like stringers, posts, and treads to ensure longevity. Install stringers by securely attaching them to the deck framing using galvanized screws or bolts. Reinforce the connection point between the stringers and the deck frame with metal brackets for added strength and stability.

3. Consistent Rise and Run:
Maintaining consistent rise and run—also known as step height and depth—is crucial for safety and ease of use. Aim for a comfortable rise between 125 mm (4.92 inches) and 200mm (7.87 inches) and a uniform run—horizontal depth—of approximately 254mm (10 inches) to 280mm (11 inches) for optimal comfort. Use a framing square, level, and measuring tape to ensure precise dimensions and angles when cutting the stringers. Double-check each cut for consistency between stringers to achieve a level and consistent surface for stair treads.

4. Code Compliance and Safety Regulations:
In British Columbia, building codes outline specific requirements for private deck stairs to ensure safety and structural integrity. According to the British Columbia Building Code (BCBC), the maximum riser height—the vertical distance between consecutive steps—should not exceed 200 mm (7.87 inches), and the minimum tread depth—the horizontal distance from the front to the back of the step—should be no less than 235 mm (9.25 inches ). The maximum deviation in riser height or tread depth within a flight of stairs should not exceed 5 mm (13/64 inches) to minimize tripping hazards and ensure uniformity.
When designing and constructing deck stairs in Kelowna, it is essential to familiarize yourself with the specific requirements outlined in the BC building code and adhere to them to ensure compliance and safety. Consulting with a qualified building professional or local building authority can provide valuable guidance and assistance in navigating the regulatory requirements and ensuring that your deck stairs meet the necessary standards for safe use and enjoyment.

Building deck stairs requires planning, precise measurements, and compliance. Consider adding non-slip treads or grip tape to enhance traction and prevent slips and falls, especially in wet or icy conditions. By following these guidelines and adhering to code requirements, you can create a functional staircase that enhances the accessibility and safety of your outdoor living space. With proper construction techniques, you can know you've constructed a functional but safe set of stairs. If you are looking for professional deck construction in Kelowna, contact us.